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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the condition of root surface exposed to periodontal disease on the attachment of gingival fibroblast. 9 normal teeth and 36 periodontally-involved teeth were collected and divided into 4 groups as follows; Group 1 : Normal roots (Normal group) Group 2 : Untreated, periodontally-involved roots (Calculus group) Group 3 : Scaled, periodontally-involved roots (Calculus removed group) Group 4 : Root planed, periodontally- involved roots (Root planed group) All the roots were cut into 5X5mm specimen and sterilized by autoclave or immersion in the Dulbecco´s Modified Eagle´s Medium (DMEM) contained antibiotics at VC for 24 hours. Each speciemen was placed in the tissue culture well and incubated with L8X 105 Human Gingival Fibroblasts/ml of DMEM, containing 10% Fetal Bovine Serum, 200 U/ml Penicillin, 200 ug/ml Streptomycin and 1 ug/ml Amphotericin-B at VC, 5% Co/air incubator. After 30 hr, each culture well was stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and examined by inverted microscope. After 96 hr, the autoclaved root-specimens were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and examined by inverted microscope. The results were as follows; 1. Attachment of Human Gingival Fibroblast in the culture wells. 1) Antibiotics groups Dense, dentritic cell growth was noted in normal and root planed groups but light, irregular cell growth in calculus removed group and few cell growth in calculus group were noted. 2) Autoclaved groups Dense, dentritic cell growth was noted in all groups.
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